Technology and Communication in Hospital Care for Chronically Ill Patients from the Habermasian Perspective
نویسندگان
چکیده
The objectives of the study were to describe situations involving instrumental and communicative actions that take place in nursing and to explore the difficulties in communicative action. It was an ethnographic study conducted among nurses from two large hospitals in Spain and Portugal. Data collection took place through participant observation and semi-structured interviews. It was then followed up by a survey. A discourse analysis and quantitative analysis were performed (on the survey). The nurses’ work consisted mainly of instrumental actions. Among the social actions, those of a strategic type predominate, whereas communicative actions are scarce and non-specific. It was noted that difficulties in communicative actions were linked to “New Management” and “Encoded Knowledge”. Nursing requires a more balanced distribution between the time dedicated to technology and communication. The difficulties involved in communicative action appear to coincide with Habermasian systems, although renewed forms are adopted. DESCRIPTORS: Professional practice. Philosophy in nursing. Professional-patient relations. Communication. Knowledge, attitudes and practices in health. TECNOLOGÍA Y COMUNICACIÓN EN EL CUIDADO HOSPITALARIO A ENFERMOS CRÓNICOS DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE HABERMAS RESUMEN: Los objetivos del estudio fueron: describir las situaciones de acción instrumental y comunicativa que ocurren en la práctica enfermera y explorar las dificultades para la acción comunicativa. Estudio etnográfico realizado con enfermeras de dos grandes hospitales de España y Portugal. La recogida de datos se llevó a cabo a través de observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Posteriormente, se completó con una encuesta. Se realizó análisis del discurso y análisis cuantitativo (de la encuesta). El trabajo de las enfermeras consta, básicamente, de acciones instrumentales. Entre las acciones sociales, predominan las de tipo estratégico, siendo las acciones comunicativas escasas e inespecíficas. Se han identificado dificultades para la acción comunicativa asociadas a la “Nueva Gestión” y al “Conocimiento Codificado”. La práctica enfermera demanda un reparto más equilibrado entre los tiempos dedicados a la tecnología y la comunicación. Las dificultades para la acción comunicativa parecen coincidir con los sistemas habermasianos, aunque adoptando formas renovadas. DESCRIPTORES: Práctica profesional. Filosofía en enfermería. Relaciones profesional-paciente. Comunicación. Conocimientos, actitudes y práctica en salud. TECNOLOGIA E COMUNICAÇÃO NO CUIDADO HOSPITALAR AO DOENTE CRÔNICO NA PERSPECTIVA DE HABERMAS RESUMO: Os objetivos do estudo foram: descrever as situações de ação instrumental e comunicativa que acontecem na prática de enfermagem e explorar as dificuldades para a ação comunicativa. Estudo etnográfico levado a cabo com enfermeiros de dois grandes hospitais da Espanha e de Portugal. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de observação participante e entrevistas semiestructuradas. Posteriormente, a coleta foi completada com uma enquete. Utilizou-se análise do discurso e análise quantitativa (da enquete). O trabalho dos enfermeiros consiste, basicamente, de ações instrumentais. Entre as ações sociais, prevalecem as ações de tipo estratégico, sendo as ações comunicativas escassas e inespecíficas. Foram identificadas dificuldades, para a ação comunicativa, associadas à “Nova gestão” e ao “Conhecimento Codificado”. A prática de enfermagem exige uma distribuição mais equilibrada entre os tempos dedicados à tecnologia e à comunicação. As dificuldades para a ação comunicativa parecem coincidir com os sistemas habermasianos, embora adotando formas renovadas. DESCRITORES: Prática profissional. Filosofia em enfermagem. Relações profissional-paciente. Comunicação. Conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde. 704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072014003390013
منابع مشابه
سارس پدیده ای نو ظهور
Severe Acute Respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a fetal communicable respiratory disease, known as atypical pneumonia. This disease first appeared in china on November 2002 and spread very fast in various parts of the world especially in Asia. Number of Reported cases of SARS from November 2002 to May 2003 were about 8046 of which 6825 patients died. SARS is caused by coronavirus, and symptoms of d...
متن کاملThe Use of Information and Communication Technology to Meet Chronically Ill Patients’ Needs when Living at Home
The aim of the study was to describe influences, benefits, and limitations in using information and communication technology to meet chronically ill patients' needs when living at home. The study is a descriptive, exploratory designed pilot study and the intervention was performed using an electronic communication program enabling communication between ill persons and the district nurse in real...
متن کاملComparative Study of the Relationship between Spiritual Well-being and Sense of Coherence in Mothers with Chronically Ill Children in Kerman, Iran, in 2016
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual well-being and sense of coherence in the mothers having children with chronic diseases. To this end, a controlled cross-sectional evaluation was conducted on 300 mothers, divided into two groups of 150 cases with healthy and chronically ill children in the city of Kerman, Iran, in 2016. The data were collected using the Platosin...
متن کاملInvestigating professional communication from the perspective of residents and nurses of Kashan's Shahid-Beheshti Hospital
Introduction: Resident-nurse communication involves the interaction between them to achieve a common therapeutic goal, namely to improve patient status. Proper communication has been identified as the most important attribute for people working in primary health care. The purpose of this study was to determine the attitudes of nurses and residents towards professional communication. Methods: Th...
متن کاملHome Health Care: The Necessity in the Health Policy of Iran
Home health care is a wide range of health care services that can be given in your home for an illness or injury (1). During last decade, home health care is taken into consideration seriously. The concept of home health care began in the 1850's when traveling health care professionals provided in-home visits to patients in need of health care and unable to seek such care on their own (2). ...
متن کامل